Characterization of Contaminated Abattoir Soil in Swali Market, Bayelsa State
Ijaola Opololaoluwa Oladimarun
Dr. Ijaola Opololaoluwa Oladimarun, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Federal University Otuoke (Bayelsa), Nigeria.
Manuscript received on 13 March 2025 | First Revised Manuscript received on 04 May 2025 | Second Revised Manuscript received on 10 June 2025 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 June 2025 | Manuscript published on 30 June 2025 | PP: 35-40 | Volume-12 Issue-6, June 2025 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijies.D110112040425 | DOI: 10.35940/ijies.D1101.12060625
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: The waste effluents and waste from abattoirs have been documented to have harmful effects on the soil media, which causes threats to the living organisms and their surroundings, hence the need to characterize the contaminated abattoir soil in Swali market. Soil samples were characterized for possible contamination of physicochemical parameters and heavy metals. Six (6) soil samples were collected for six weeks at different points radially, the control was from a well of 160m from the abattoir, remaining five (5) samples were collected from various points which are 2m away from the abattoir the depth of 0.5m and 2m apart in cyclic. The soil samples were taken to the laboratory for digestion and analysis. The physicochemical parameters result showed that; pH (3.8-6.3), conductivity (56-462) µ, temperature (29) OC, TDS (38-332) ppm, SO4 (343.32-2403.24) mg/l, HCO3 (0.2-8.05) mm/l, D.O (5.1-6.3) mm/l, B.O.D (0.1-0.2) mm/l, Alk (75-250) mg/l, Acidity (50-755), while the result of heavy metals indicated; Pb (0.39-0.73) mg/l, Cr (0.06-0.113) mg/l, Mg (1.22-1.79) mg/l, Co (0.25-0.92) mg/l, Co (0.25-0.92) mg/l and Fe (2.13-8.45) mg/l/. The results were compared with FEPA and WHO standards and validated using ANOVA with Python 3.6 and SPSS software version 20 to compare the values of p and r² using different statistical models. The coefficient of determination (r²) ranges between 0.928125 and 0.996132 per cent, which is significant. Therefore, the soil around the abattoir has been adjudged to have a high level of heavy metal contamination, indicating that the soil is polluted and does not conform to standards.
Keywords: Soil, Abattoir, Contamination, Pollutants, Heavy Metals.
Scope of the Article: Civil Engineering and Applications